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Delicate corn seedlings, whether on a personal plot or on vast plantations, equally need the right agricultural technology. Despite the impressive size of the representative of the family of cereals, it needs weeding during the entire period of growth. While small crops can be kept in order by hand weeding, corn herbicides are used commercially. This is a kind of chemical weeding. The selective principle of influence makes them irreplaceable assistants in the cultivation of culture. It is important not to waste time and choose the right drug.
The most suitable conditions for growing corn
Corn is a thermophilic crop. It also develops better and gives a good harvest in sunny and windproof areas. Its cultivation is the least troublesome in the southern territories of Russia - heat and sunlight are provided. But with the right approach to the cultivation of this grain crop, good results are achieved even in Siberia. It should be borne in mind that at temperatures below 10 and above 45 degrees Celsius, plant development stops.
As for the personal plot, you should pay attention to the neighborhood with other garden crops. For example, table beets and celery are unwanted neighbors for corn.
Growing corn
The place for future crops needs to be prepared in the fall. Why, before frost, the site is dug up, weed roots are carefully selected, the soil is watered abundantly. These actions will help the seeds that have fallen into the ground to rise before the onset of cold weather, which should be weeded out. If these conditions are met in turn, then in the spring, half a month before sowing, you should slightly loosen the soil and sow corn.
Being a drought-resistant plant, corn, however, needs good soil moisture during the period of setting and development of male and female inflorescences. The apical panicles are the male organ of the plant, while the female ones are located in the depressions of the leaves in the sprout (root) zone. During the month of formation and development of the panicle, a lack of moisture can lead to drying out of the pollen. This leads to poor fertilization and, accordingly, to a decrease in yield. It has been proven that more than half of the consumption (about 70%) of the necessary nutrition and moisture falls on the first half of the cultivation of the crop.
What are herbicides and why are they for corn after germination
To ensure an optimal yield, the fields must be protected from weed growth. The manual or mechanical control of unwanted vegetation is time consuming. This increases the risk of not being able to lime them on time, since at the very beginning of the growing season the greens are especially vulnerable, up to death.
Herbicides help get rid of unnecessary flora in a short time and without harming the main crop. It is gratifying that their action is prolonged.
Herbicides are chemical compounds capable of destroying specified plant species or all fauna in a desired area.In the case of corn, the former are needed. They are just designed to kill all weeds without affecting the main crop. And herbicides of total impact are used to cleanse roadside areas, areas for access to industrial facilities, and so on.
The treatment of fields with a selective herbicide is commonly referred to as "chemical weeding". On an industrial scale, their use is becoming a necessity. Because young seedlings are not able to compete with neighboring wild ones. Neighbors take away some of the food, shade the seedlings. And also young crops of grain crops are affected by harmful insects and bacteria that live on weeds.
Description and instructions for the use of the following drugs: Stellar, Ballerina, Ballet, Prima Donna
More effective new herbicide modifications are created every year. Among them are the following.
Herbicide Stellar
It is one of the most effective selective chemicals. It is useful for controlling weeds on the crop itself and as a soil protection. With the correct dosage, it is able to protect the fields by 100% from most weeds. The result is somewhat worse when fighting bindweed, chamomile, wheatgrass.
Herbicide Stellar
Herbicide aqueous solution includes:
- topramezone at a concentration of 50 g / l;
- dicamba at a concentration of 160 g / l.
The first component belongs to the class of benzoylpyrazoles. Topramezon fights selectively weeds. It inhibits and suppresses the vital processes of weeds.
The second active ingredient in the solution is selectively concentrated on leaves and roots. Getting into the sap flow system of the grass, Dicamba does not allow its cells to divide, which leads to compression (structural changes) of all parts of the plant and to its death.
Distinctive features of the drug:
- one application is enough;
- harmless to corn;
- controls the process of emergence of a new wave of weeds;
- convenient to make;
- does not have a harmful effect on the external environment.
The effect of the use of the Stellar preparation lasts throughout the entire growing season of the crop
The highest efficiency is achieved at a working solution consumption of 250 l / ha. Adding an adhesive (Metolat, DASH), a viscous substance that helps to keep the herbicide on the surface of the plant, doubles the effectiveness of the drug.
At the beginning of the development of a culture, it is difficult to control weeds, since the latter have stronger roots and are adapted to the growing environment. Therefore, it is recommended to spray the plantations with herbicides until the first two leaves appear. The deadline is overgrowth with 8 leaves.
While Stellar's maize herbicide is safe, it can be hazardous to legumes and beets. These crops can only be sown 1.5 years after the last spraying.
Storage conditions of the drug:
- temperature from -5 to +40;
- dark dry place;
- separate from food.
- stored no longer than 5 years.
Herbicide Ballerina: instructions for use on corn
After spraying, within one hour, the herbicide is spread through the sap flow system, covering the entire plant. The purpose of the drug is to stop cell division. On the second day, the division process stops completely. Visually, the damage can be observed after 4 days.The plant will appear pale and shriveled.
Herbicide Ballerina
The ballerina (balerina) destroys weeds of more than one and a half hundred species, but only one wave! That is, from those that have emerged at the time of the work and until the appearance of new ones. It doesn't matter if it's annuals or perennials. The optimal effect of the drug is achieved on young plants (up to 10 cm high). If time is lost, then the Ballerina's consumption rate will have to be increased with an average consumption of 0.3 l / ha.
A working solution is prepared depending on the size of the planting areas. The average volume of the solution is 250 l / ha. In case of severe weediness, it can be increased to 300 l / ha. The solution is prepared right before starting work. The correct amount of herbicide is introduced into the sprayer tank, filled with water in the required volume and with vigorous stirring. Sometimes a stock solution is prepared. This is a 15% emulsion of the drug in water, which is subsequently introduced into water and mixed. Work on the preparation of the product is carried out in a specially designated place. After their completion, a general cleaning of the room and disinfection of dishes are carried out.
Doubloon Gold
The components of the drug are nicosulfuron and thifensulfurol-methyl. The advantage over other herbicides of this series is efficiency, ease of application, safety for the environment and animals. The soluble granules are mixed with the required volume of water shortly before use. For this, a composition is prepared at the rate of 60 g of concentrate per 250 liters of water per 1 hectare of sown area. You can also prepare a masterbatch first, that is, dissolve the desired amount of granules in a little water and then add to the water in the spray tank. At the end of the dilution of the solution, an adhesive is added.
The herbicide begins to suppress weeds in a few hours, and it will completely die after 3 weeks.
As a result of the use of the chemical, the production of amino acids vital for the culture is excluded.
With all its positive qualities, the drug must not be used in the zone of lakes and rivers. It is toxic to fish.
All crops can be included in the rotation. Care should be taken when sowing other plants in a very dry period between using the working solution and sowing or on acidified soil.
You can store the drug for 2 years after release, in a closed factory container at a temperature from minus 25 to plus 35 degrees, out of the reach of strangers.
Ballet
The use of the herbicide Ballet for sowing corn was not widely used. It is mainly used to protect wheat and barley fields, as well as Prima herbicide.
The drug is a wide range of applications. In 24 hours, it plagues even dangerous, root-sprouting weeds. Its effect does not depend on the weather. Economical (0.4 liters of concentrate in 300 liters of water per hectare) and cheap preparation (850 rubles / liter). It is not very dangerous for humans and insects. Has no restrictions on crop rotation. Herbicide Ballet for corn and other cereals is applied by spraying with a working solution until weeds grow and tiller.
Herbicide prima donna
The drug is used in corn fields immediately after the appearance of weeds, without bringing them to a strong germination. The constituents of the chemical inhibit the production of important amino acids and growth hormone in the life of plants. Within an hour after application, the results of the action of the agent are visible. Weeds finally die in 2-3 weeks. Moreover, the herbicide is able to destroy the most difficult varieties of weeds, such as dandelion and dandelion.
Herbicide prima donna
Unlike other weed control products, the effectiveness of the Prima Donna does not depend on weather conditions. It can be mixed with various fungicides, insecticides and also get protection from harmful insects.The use of the product does not affect the crop rotation.
The working solution is prepared immediately before use, in accordance with the instructions for use on corn of the herbicide Primadonna. To do this, half the volume of water is poured into the tank, the drug is added, the rest of the water is topped up. During the entire process, the liquid is constantly shaken. Consumption of the concentrated product is 0.6 l per 0.9 ha. The volume of the solution itself is 250-300 l / ha. The best time for work is early morning or late evening.
The drug should be stored in a place inaccessible to strangers, at temperatures from -10 to +35 degrees for up to 2 years.
Crop care rules (weed control, chemical weeding, top dressing, etc.)
In the absence of special soil requirements, corn is nevertheless responsive to fertilized and drained soil. If the acidity of the soil is high, it is worth adding lime when digging / plowing. As a fertilizer, the introduction of a mixture of humus, superphosphate and potassium salt in a proportion of 5 kg / 0.2 kg / 0.1 kg during autumn and spring plowing is encouraged. And also 14-20 days before sowing (before loosening), you can scatter a complex nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer in the amount of 0.05 kg per square meter.
The impact on unnecessary crop neighbors is also called chemical weeding of corn. This is due to the selective effect of the drug. As well as manually, the herbicide removes only weed sprouts without harming the crop.
In modern times, choosing the right herbicide is not a problem. Along with the above, we can note the drugs Priority, Titus. But remember, their effectiveness depends on the actual situation in the sown field. All the same, this is chemistry and should not be used unnecessarily. It will be correct to apply herbicides against weeds on corn only if there is a large amount of weeds and in full compliance with the instructions.
