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Scientists brought tubers of several types of wild and cultivated potatoes from an expedition to Peru in the twenties of the last century. The delivered material proved to be promising for the creation of new varieties. Until now, work continues on the selection and breeding of high-yielding, disease-resistant varieties of the beloved product.
The super super elite group includes Azart potatoes - one of the table varieties obtained in the system of the Russian Agricultural Academy. It stands out among others for its high yield, disease resistance, marketable type of tubers with high taste.
The history of the creation of the variety
Employees of the State Scientific Institution of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Potato Farming. A.G. Lorkha engaged in research work on the creation of qualitatively new varieties of potatoes based on new molecular genetic methods.
Katrofel Azart
The result of scientific and technical activities was the Azart potato variety, bred by selection.
The work was carried out in the experimental farm of the institute, located in the p / o Korenevo, Lyubertsy district, Moscow region.
Characteristics and features of the variety
Potatoes Azart, which is described below, refers to medium early varieties of table use, the time from planting to ripening is 80-90 days. Adapts to any soil and climate of the area where potato cultivation is possible; contains up to 20% solids. The yield is high. It tolerates short waterlogging well.
The bush is of medium height, spreading, with many matte leaves of a dark green color. Blooms 45-50 days after planting. The flowers are white, berries are rarely formed in their place.
Tubers of regular elongated shape in the form of an oval, compactly located in the ground, weight - 90-110 g. The number of tubers in a bush ranges from seven to ten.
The peel is reddish with shallow small eyes. The pulp is light yellow with good taste. Doesn't darken during cooking. Suitable for salads, soups, frying.
This varietal potato is well stored, which allows it to be used in the autumn-winter period.
Potatoes are a valuable food product. Three hundred grams of the product contains the daily intake of carbohydrates, phosphorus, potassium.
As part of the pulp – elements necessary for the body:
- zinc;
- iron;
- iodine;
- manganese;
- sodium;
- calcium.
Potatoes contain vitamin C, almost all amino acids found in edible plants, starch, fiber.
The potato pulp contains the elements necessary for the body
Agricultural technology of cultivation
Agrotechnical measures are standard.
Optimal conditions for development and growth:
- air temperature - + 15-22 ° С;
- good illumination of the place;
- loose soil with neutral acidity;
- watering without waterlogging.
Potatoes love medium loamy, peaty and sandy loam soil.
It is necessary to observe the crop rotation, not to plant potatoes in places where representatives of the nightshade grew last season: peppers, tomatoes, eggplants.
The best predecessors are pumpkin, cabbage, corn, beets.
Of great importance for obtaining a bountiful harvest are:
- weeding carried out on time;
- destruction of pests;
- correct feeding;
- optimal temperature conditions;
- constant hilling of bushes.
Pests
Azart potatoes suffer from a nematode - a tiny worm up to 1 mm long. Despite its barely noticeable size, the pest is able to destroy baboutthe greater half of the crop.
The eggs of the pest wintering in the ground can withstand severe frosts. He is not afraid of dry and rainy weather. It multiplies very quickly.
The golden and pale nematode, getting into the root of the bush, feeds on juices, which prevents the supply of nutrition to other parts of the plant. The bush dries ahead of time, the tubers are small or not formed at all.
The stem nematode destroys the stems and tubers. Nematoda is a dangerous enemy, the fight against it must be started at the first signs of a pest.
Potato nematode
The poison for the nematode is nitric acid fertilizers, the introduction of urea in the fall is one of the ways to reduce the worm population.
Earthworms are the natural enemies of the nematode; when fertilizing the soil, favorable conditions are created for the reproduction of earthworms.
The nematoda is afraid of the secretions of the roots of legumes, rye, marigolds, calendula.
Advantages and disadvantages
Potato Azart has a number of advantages, there are other varieties that have indicators similar to Azart.
These are Seraphim potatoes, the description of the variety of which has much in common with the Azart potatoes. Unlike the first, Seraphim's potatoes, created for Siberia, the Far East and the Urals, ripen earlier - in 60-70 days. It is resistant to nematodes, contains more starch - 14-18%, the mass of tubers is slightly more - up to 147 g.
Potato Orlak, the description of the variety indicates a higher starch content, compared to the considered one, - 16-21%, the yield is at the same level - 300-500 c / ha, but has a weak resistance to scab.
Woland potatoes are a mid-season variety, similar in properties to Azart potatoes, but have a significant biological value due to their high protein and vitamin C content - about 30%.
The early ripe potatoes Antoshka, which does not lose its taste and presentation for a long time, received rave reviews. Does not require large labor costs, has excellent taste, resistance to viruses and diseases.
Potato Azart has a number of advantages
For comparison, the table shows the characteristics of the Major potatoes, which the Florence (Florence) potatoes have, which are close in many respects to the Azart variety.
Comparative characteristics of varieties
| Characteristic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variety | Passion | Major | Florence |
| Ripening period | mid-early | mid-early | mid-season |
| Productivity, c / ha | Up to 550 | 500–550 | 416 |
| Ripening period, days | 80–90 | 65–80 | 70–90 |
| Tuber mass, g. | 90–110 | 100–120 | 90–96 |
| Number of tubers in a bush, pcs. | 7–10 | 16–18 | 6–10 |
| Keeping quality,% | 95 | 95 | 96 |
| Starch content,% | 11–14 | 15–18 | 11,4 |
| Growing region | Anyone where potatoes are grown | Anyone where potatoes are grown | Anyone where potatoes are grown |
| Disease resistance | Phytophthora of tops and tubers, · Weakly affected by scab. Medium resistance to viruses | · Cancer, viruses. · Weakly affected by late blight of tops and tubers, scab. | · Scab. Medium resistance to late blight of tops and tubers |
| Disease susceptibility | Nematode | Nematode | Nematode |
The varietal assortment of potatoes is very large, you can always find a variety that will suit you in all respects. Potato Azart has taken its place among table varieties, its advantages are that it will give a good harvest in any region, it is stored for a long time without losing its taste.
