Content:
In the fall, it's time to take care of how the garden area will look for next year: collect fallen leaves, prepare new beds and sow crops. Dry seeds sown in the soil in late autumn or early winter can withstand frosts down to -30 ° C under snow. This article will provide information on what flowers can be planted with seeds in open ground before winter, when and how to prepare the soil and planting material.
Frost-resistant flower crops
The grains of many flower crops have a hard, protective shell. During winter sowing, they are stratified by low temperatures. The shell becomes less hard, and the sprout is hardened, growth processes are activated in it.
These plants have early and profuse flowering. It is possible to sow both annuals and perennials before winter.
Annual flowers, often grown in summer cottages, suitable for winter sowing:
- calendula;
- annual lupine;
- nasturtium;
- knapweed;
- cosmeya;
- tagetes (marigolds);
- aster chamomile.
In order to save time, perennial flowers can be sown in late autumn.
When buying seedlings, ornamental plants are expensive, sowing seeds is much cheaper.
Perennial flowers for winter planting:
- gentian;
- bells;
- lavender;
- Gaillardia;
- aquilegia;
- garden yarrow.
Lavender
A description of these plants is available in the seed catalogs. By carefully studying them, it is easy to determine which flower seeds can be planted before winter. Such a bed will be considered a school, from which in spring the seedlings can be planted on a permanent flower bed.
At the end of summer, seeds are collected from their favorite plants to sow from year to year.
When to plant flower seeds in the ground before winter
You can sow seeds before winter from early October to mid-November in the absence of snow and dry weather. The night temperature at this time drops to -4 ... 5 ° С.
The main conditions for successful overwintering of seeds in the soil are:
- dry planting material;
- lack of germination;
- when sowing in grooves, the seeds are covered with dry, unfrozen soil.
Earth
The purpose of podzimny sowing is to ensure the safety of seeds and conditions for their early germination.
Soil and seed preparation
Flower beds are prepared in late August - early September. Choose a place protected from winds, sunny, where snow retention will be ensured. Plots on the south side of the house are suitable.
Humus or well-rotted manure 4-6 kg / m², superphosphate 30-40 g / m², potassium chloride 30 g / m² are added to the garden bed, dug to the depth of a shovel bayonet and leveled well with a rake. Then, grooves are made 4-5 cm deep at a distance of 12-15 cm.
The soil, which will close the grooves after sowing, is removed into the room in advance before the onset of frost. For example, you can collect a bucket of garden soil or buy a package of fertile soil in the amount of 5 liters.
How to sow correctly
Each seed is placed in the grooves prepared in advance 1.5-2.0 times more often than with ordinary sowing. For example, chamomile asters and tagetes can be sown in a continuous strip.Sprinkle the harvested earth on top - small grains with a layer of 2.5-3 cm, larger ones - 3-4 cm.
To trap the snow, the flower bed is covered with tops from vegetables, corn, sunflower, pine or spruce branches.
Shelter with spruce branches
In the spring, the garden bed is opened. When the soil dries up, weed and loosened, once thinned out at a distance of 5-6 cm.
Seedlings are grown in a school until the phase of 3-4 true leaves, then planted in a permanent place.
Knowing what flowers can be planted with seeds in the fall before winter, any gardener or summer resident will be able to grow their favorite flowers in the garden without unnecessary spring hassle.
